14.2 National interest
14.3 Determining the national interest
14.4 Reinsurance as a solution
15 Currency
15.1 Cover and currency risk
15.2 Contract denominated in the currency of the ECA country
15.3 Contract denominated in hard currency
15.4 Contract denominated in other convertible currency
15.5 Contract denominated in local currency
16 Confidentiality
16.1 Confidentiality in relations between exporters, banks and foreign buyers
16.2 Confidentiality in relations between exporters, banks and ECAs
16.3 Confidentiality in relations between ECAs and foreign buyers
16.4 Transparency requirements
16.5 Confidentiality in relations between ECAs and reinsurers
17 Security for Payment of Credits Covered by ECAs
17.1 Differences between security and the ECA cover
17.2 Security and the ECA cover provided for the same risk
17.3 Effects of security in export credit transactions covered by ECAs
17.4 Security in the initial stage of a contract
17.5 Security and renegotiation of credit
17.6 Enforcement of security
17.7 Uncertainty connected with security
17.8 Security in intercreditor agreements
17.9 Quasi-security
17.10 Negative pledge
18 Reinsurance
18.1 Reinsurance in ECA business
18.2 Reinsurance between ECAs
18.3 Other forms of cooperation between ECAs
18.4 Coinsurance between ECAs
18.5 Parallel insurance between ECAs
18.6 Percentage of foreign content covered by a single ECA
18.7 Reinsurance between ECAs and private reinsurance companies
19 Claims and Indemnification
19.1 Notification of non-payment, claim and waiting period
19.2 Payment of interest during the waiting period
19.3 Assignment of claim for payment of credit by insured to ECA
19.4 Distinction between assignment of claim and assignment of contract
19.5 Assignability of claim
19.6 Subrogation of claim
19.7 Enforcement of security and indemnification
19.8 Assignment of security to ECAs
19.9 Ascertainment of claim
19.10 Scope of indemnification
19.11 Indemnification method
19.12 Parties entitled to claim indemnification
19.13 Time limitation for claiming indemnification from ECAs
19.14 Rescheduling of foreign buyer’s credit and right to indemnification
19.15 Disputed claim for payment against a foreign buyer
20 Recovery
20.1 Classes of foreign buyers
20.2 Recovery of debt from sovereign foreign buyers
20.3 ECA methods for recovery of debt from sovereign buyers
20.4 The Paris Club
20.5 Recovery of debt from public buyers
20.6 ECA methods for recovery of debt from public buyers
20.7 Recovery of debt from private buyers
20.8 Negotiations with private buyers
20.9 Bilateral negotiations for recovery of a single debt
20.10 Multilateral negotiations involving the majority of creditors
20.11 Judicial reorganisation of foreign buyers
20.12 Legal action against foreign buyers
20.13 Sharing of recovery costs
20.14 Application of recovered amounts
Part IV Legal Framework
21 OECD and EU Regulations in Terms of ECA Cover
21.1 OECD Arrangement on Officially Supported Export Credits
21.2 Application of the Arrangement
21.3 Provisions on down payment, local costs, etc.
21.4 Maximum terms for payment of export credits
21.5 Payment of principal and interest
21.6 EU regulation
22 Other OECD Regulations and International Sanctions
22.1 Combating bribery in international business transactions
22.2 Environmental and social impacts
22.3 Reviewing potential environmental and social impacts
22.4 Sustainable lending practices
22.5 International sanctions
23 Selected Standard Terms of ECA Cover
23.1 Compensation of loss
23.2 Disclosure of information to ECAs
23.3 Increase of risk after issuing the ECA offer
23.4 Permits for performance of commercial and loan contracts
23.5 Variation of commercial and loan contracts
23.6 Obligations of the insured at increased risk
23.7 Retaining the non-covered percentage of risk by the insured
23.8 Waivers and amendments of the ECA standard terms
23.9 Governing law and jurisdiction for ECA policies
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